Nut applying device



July 4, 1950 J. c. BAXTER 2,513,780

NUT APPLYING DEVICE Filed Nov. 4, 1946 19 \NvaNToR ||||||g dorm G. BAX-rag l8 0A Tm. 8. M M

A110 RNEYS Patented July 4, 1950 UNITED- PAT ENT 0 F F l 2 ,513,780J

NUT APPLYING DEVICE J ohn- G. Baxter, Grandltapid's; Mich. ApplicationNovernber 4, 1946, Serial-N0. 707,671

(or. air-10)- 3 Claims; I

The present invention relates to. a. very novel and effective nut. applying, and securing. device. The application of. nuts toscrew threaded boltsv or studs in the. manufacture. of machines and machine elements. is very prevalent, great numbers of" the bolts and nuts being used for securing parts. together... In the use of the machines, it isv not only very desirable but essential' that the nuts when once in. place shall not loosen either partially or wholly from the screw threaded. shanks on which they are. mounted. Many and various types of. nut locks have been used attempting to. solve. the problem. presented. but few if any are successful in their entirety of. purpose. and use and; of. course, in many instances. an additional part has to be. used or in others the nut or bolt isv off a special relatively expensive manufacture. In those cases where nuts are applied to the threads of. a bolt and the turning. of the nut thereon is slow and hard because. of a dimensioning. of the threads. of. the screw and the interior threads of'the nut so they bind tightly against each other, this for the-purpose of renderingany unturning. oi the nut hard-,. the time consumed. in applying the nut is excessive. and. where large numbers of nuts are applied to bolts the labor cost isheavily increased. With my invention a nut may be applied to a bolt freely and easily, being turned to .the: position at. which it is tightly seated against the seat it is to. reach and thereafter, automatically the tool which Ihav'e provided and the process which is followed resultsin a. spinningand upsetting of.- the nut at its outer end and a pressing" of the metal. inwardly into very snug tight and firm engagement with the threads. of the bolt. The application of the nuts to the bolts in the operation: of. my invention is rapid and after'the spinning. operation described has. been performed, the nut. is-v securely held. and. in; effect locked against reverse. turning. or. unscrewing, at least may not be removed except uponthe exertion of a heavy turning. force. The connection ofthelnut to the bolt is. made secure so that it. will not, in the use and. operation ofthe machine with which. itrisi associated, accidentally or otherwise become loose or in. extreme cases. detach completely from the. bolt upon which it has. been placed. v

My invention has for its primary object and purpose a novel methodoi nut application and securing, and. anovelltoollfor suchpurpose which.

is. motor driven in. its use from. the shaft of? a;

An understanding, ofltheinventiom maybe .hadi

2 from the following description, taken in connection. with the accompanying drawing, in which? Fig. 1' is an elevation. of thec'omplete nut applying device of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a'longitudinal vertical section through the immediate nut applying device of my invention: which is operatively connected with the nut to be driven by the motor,. with the partsin theposition which they occupy when the nut is being. screwed onto the bolt.

Fig. 3 is. a longitudinal vertical. section With the parts in the same position as in Fig.- 2, the plane of the section being. at right angles tothat of. Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a similar vertical sectionillustrative of the automatic separation of the nut turning and.

spinning parts of. the tool upon the. nut being-- screwed onto the bolt andv firmly pressed. against Fig.1 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical section showing. the position of the parts of. the tool as occupied by them when. the nut is being screwed. onto the bolt stem...

Fig. 8 is a similar sectional view illustrating. the position of the parts. when the outer end.

portion of the nut is spun. and upset inwardly into tight engagement with the. threaded bolt stem, and

Fig. 9 is an elevation of a. preferred form of. nut to be used.

, Like reference characters referto like. parts in the diiierentfigures of the drawing.

The. nutturning and spinning. unit of the nut applying device includes a cylindrical shaft .IV of. short-length which, as shown in the drawings, at its lower end is inserted to have a drive fit or one equivalent thereto in. a; spinning structural elementof the device, passing, through an annular disk 2. from which two upwardly extending.

., diametrically opposed lugs 3' extend upwardly at opposite si'des of the shaft l; and'integra'l with the disk 2" a sleeve 4. extends downward having an axial passage throughout its length into the upper end o'fwhich the lower end portion of the shaft I. extends..- The lower free end of the sleeve 4. is machined to provide aninner frusto-conical continuous surface Set. the lower end of. the

axial passage through the sleeve. It iso'f" course to-be understood that the shaft I. and. the parts Z, 3-.and. 4: are to allfpurposesandeffects the same as though integral, and if desired may in the first instance be made from an integral body of metal. The sleeve 4 always moves and turns with the shaft I whenever said shaft is driven.

Surrounding said sleeve 4, annular disk or flange 2 and the lower part of the shaft I is an outer sleeve 6 which at its upper end has a screw having a head I of disk-like form from which an exteriorly screw threaded stud 8 extends screwed into the sleeve 6, shaft I passing therethrough.

Said threaded stud 8 at diametrically opposed Thereupon the nut standing still and the conipoints is cut away and recessed to provide two opr posed recesses 53, the sides of which are angularly disposed with respect to the axis of the shaft I.

The sleeve 6 at its lower end portion is interiorly reduced in diameter, providing a short cylindrical zone I which forms a guide for the lower end of the sleeve 4. Below the zone II] the lower end portion of the sleeve 6 is interiorly formed as a socket I I shaped to engage witha nut. Nuts are ordinarily made from hexagonal stock and the socket II will usually be, correspondingly, ofa complementary hexagonal form; but other shapes of nuts will have the socket at I I shaped to correspond and engage therewith. Y I

A strong coiled compression spring IZ surrounds the sleeve 4, at its upper end engaging against the annular disk Or flange 2 and at its lower end against the annular shoulder I3 which is at the upper end of the guiding zone In described. The small electric motor I4 with its handle I5 at one end is a well known and conventional type of motor used. with various kinds of small hand rotatable tools. The upper end of the shaft I is detachably connected with the driving shaft of the motor in a conventional manner by means of the manually operable chuck or collet used for such purposes illustrated at l6, not in itself new but well known in the art. In the operation and use of the tool the threaded shank ll of a boltis to have anut applied thereto. The nut preferably will have a hexagonal or other out-of-round end portion I8 from which a frusto-conical section I9 extends and which conical section at its outerend preferably will be providedwith an annular rib 2D. The thickness of the metal when the nut is screwed onto the stem I! at the smaller end of the nut, will be small so that upon a spinning pressure ap-- plied against such conical end of the nut, or the annular rib thereon, the metal is upset and flows and'is forced inwardly into very snug tightengagement with the screw .threads of the bolt shank l I. The angle of the frusto-conical portion I9 of the nut and of the complementary seat at 5 varies a. few degrees so that it is theouter end portion of the nut which is engaged by said seat 5 in the about to be described spinning operation.

j The nut is insertedinto the open end of the sleeve 6, its conical portion I9 first entering and the out-of -round portion I8 engaging with the socket" I I. The spring I2 normally forces the parts into the position shown in Fig. 3 wherein the lugs 3 enter the recesses at 9. .011 operating the motor I l by closing its control switch, shaft, I is driven and through the clutch connection provided by the lugs I3 and the recesses 9, sleeve 6 is turned at the same speed as the shaft I and the nut is rapidly screwed to place or until it nut is tightly seated, will cause the inclined sides ,cal seat at 5 bearing against the outer end of the nut and rib thereon the metal of said rib and adjacent portions of the nut is subjected to a spinning action, causing the metal to flow and be pressed inwardly progressively from the outer end portion of the nut for a distance, or as shown in,Fig..8 and a very secure and tight, substantially locking engagement of the nut and bolt is obtained, s

It i ofcourse tobe understood that the refers enceto the vertical position of theparts as shown in the drawings is for descriptive purposesand that the invention operates when the shaft I is located in a horizontal position, as it will be located in many applications of nuts to bolts; or in any of the other positions which maybe taken by the axis of the shaft between horizontal and vertical which will, in no way, affect the opera-, tion.

p The structure described and the method fol--v lowed have proved very practical and useful. The structure is relatively simple in the number of parts, is easily "manufactured and assembled at low cost. The applying of nuts and their effective locking in place after they have been freely turned to their seating positions'is very effectively and rapidly accomplished with my invention. 7

Having thus described myinvention what I desire to secure and claim as Letters Patent is asfollows:

, 1. In a construction as described, a driven shaft, a spinning sleeve connected at one end of said shaft and driven therewith, said spinning sleeve at its free end having a frusto-conical recess, a second sleeve surrounding'the spinning sleeve, releasable clutch connections between said shaft, and second sleeve, yielding means for normally holding said clutch connections in operative engagement, said second sleeve at its end adjacent the free end of the spinning sleeve having a nut receiving socket, said clutch connections being separable for independent driving of the spinning sleeve with the second sleeve at rest. upon application of force to overcome said yielding means. I U

2. A drivenshaft, means forrotating said shaft continuously, a spinning or first sleeve connected toone end of said shaftj andextending' therefrom, said sleeve at its outer or one end havinga frusto-conical recess therein, a second sleeve surrounding the spinning sleeve, an apertured' screw plug, through which said shaft passes, screwed into the inner or one end of the second sleeve,

said plughaving a radial recess in the end which faces said first sleeve, lugs connected at the opposite end of said first mentioned sleeve receivable in said recesses inthefplug, and'yieldlng spring means around said first sleeve and within said second sleeve normally forcingjsaid lugs into. said recesses, vsaid second sleeve 'at its opposite or outer 'end having a nut'receiving socketdisposed a short distance outwardly from therecessed end of said" first sleeve.

3. A device as described comprising, a spinning member having an inwardly tapered opening at one end, means for positively rotating the spinning member, a sleeve surrounding the spinning member and having a nut receiving socket pro- J'ecting beyond said end, a spring acting to thrust said sleeve on said spinning member toward said end, and a clutch acting between said sleeve and said spinning member under tension of said spring and disengageable by movement of the spinning member relative to the sleeve toward said end against action of said spring.

JOHN C. BAXTER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number 15 Number Name Date Hemelright July 30, 1878 Shellenberger Aug. 31, 1886 Rayner Apr. 15, 1890 Bevington Jan. 13, 1891 Temple July 27, 1897 Muir Apr. 8, 1930 Butler Nov. 1, 1932 Crist Sept. 5, 1933 Lauer et a1. July 27, 1943 Schlack Oct. 26, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany Mar. 13, 1929 Great Britain Apr. 3, 1942 

